49:34 Early in the reign of King Zedekiah of Judah, the Lord spoke to the prophet Jeremiah about Elam. 

Elam is the territory of modern southwest Iran. The Iranians are not Arabs (by Ishmael), but they do share the same Islamic religion.

Elam was the first son of Shem. Shem was one of the three sons of Noah, so this was a very ancient tribe. King Zedekiah was the last king of Israel. This prophecy was given in about 597 B.C. 

49:35 The Lord who rules over all said, “I will kill all the archers of Elam, who are the chief source of her military might. 

The Elamites were known for their outstanding archery skills.

49:36 I will cause enemies to blow through Elam from every direction like the winds blowing in from the four quarters of heaven. I will scatter the people of Elam to the four winds. There will not be any nation where the refugees of Elam will not go. 

The Elamites would be defeated by King Nebuchadnezzar and scattered in all directions.

49:37 I will make the people of Elam terrified of their enemies, who are seeking to kill them. I will vent my fierce anger and bring disaster upon them,” says the Lord. “I will send armies chasing after them until I have completely destroyed them. 

The Elamites would be completely destroyed by Babylon.

49:38 I will establish my sovereignty over Elam. I will destroy their king and their leaders,” says the Lord. 

Jehovah is sovereign over all nations. He would destroy the king and political leaders of Elam. The people of Elam would be subjugated to Babylon.

49:39 “Yet in days to come I will reverse Elam’s ill fortune.” says the Lord.  

Elam would eventually reunite and become the mighty Persian Empire. The Medes and Persians would combine and defeat Babylon. The Greeks (led by Alexander the Great) would unite and defeat the Persians. The Romans would defeat the Greeks. The Messiah would be born during the Paz Romana of the Roman Empire.