Joshua 13

 

The Lord Speaks to Joshua

13:1 When Joshua was very old, the Lord told him, “You are very old, and a great deal of land remains to be conquered. 

 

Joshua had conquered most of the land. He had eliminated the major powers. He was older now, possibly about 110 years of age. In his advanced years, Joshua was now to act as an administrator. He would divide the land among the twelve tribes. The twelve tribes would be commissioned to exterminate the rest of the Canaanite stragglers who were still remaining in their tribal allocations.

 

13:2 This is the land that remains: all the territory of the Philistines and all the Geshurites, 13:3 from the Shihor River east of Egypt northward to the territory of Ekron (it is regarded as Canaanite territory), including the area belonging to the five Philistine lords who ruled in Gaza, Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron, as well as Avvite land 13:4 to the south; all the Canaanite territory, from Arah in the region of Sidon to Aphek, as far as Amorite territory; 13:5 the territory of Byblos and all Lebanon to the east, from Baal Gad below Mount Hermon to Lebo Hamath. 13:6 I will drive out before the Israelites all who live in the hill country from Lebanon to Misrephoth Maim, all the Sidonians; you be sure to parcel it out to Israel as I instructed you.” 13:7 Now, divide up this land among the nine tribes and the half-tribe of Manasseh.”

 

Much of this reading is tedious. The following chapters were basically the details of the land contract between the twelve tribes of Israel. All of the land mentioned in 2-7 was to be allocated to the nine-and-a-half tribes of Israel.

 

Tribal Lands East of the Jordan

13:8 The other half of Manasseh, Reuben, and Gad received their allotted tribal lands beyond the Jordan, just as Moses, the Lord’s servant, had assigned them. 13:9 Their territory started from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley), included the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plain of Medeba as far as Dibon, 13:10 and all the cities of King Sihon of the Amorites who ruled in Heshbon, and ended at the Ammonite border. 13:11 Their territory also included Gilead, Geshurite and Maacathite territory, all Mount Hermon, and all Bashan to Salecah – 13:12 the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who ruled in Ashtaroth and Edrei. (He was one of the few remaining Rephaites.) Moses defeated them and took their lands. 13:13 But the Israelites did not conquer the Geshurites and Maacathites; Geshur and Maacah live among Israel to this very day. 

 

The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh had already been given this land allotment by Moses. This land was on the wrong side of the Jordan. These two-and-a-half tribes would be the first tribes to fall spiritually into idolatry and to fall physically to the Assyrians.

 

13:14 However, Moses did not assign land as an inheritance to the Levites; their inheritance is the sacrificial offerings made to the Lord God of Israel, as he instructed them.

 

The Levites did not receive any tribal allotments of land, but they did receive 48 towns with pastureland for their flocks and herds. These cities would be scattered throughout Israel. The Levites would become the teachers of Israel. 

 

13:15 Moses assigned land to the tribe of Reuben by its clans. 13:16 Their territory started at Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) and included the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plain of Medeba, 13:17 Heshbon and all its surrounding cities on the plain, including Dibon, Bamoth Baal, Beth Baal Meon, 13:18 Jahaz, Kedemoth, Mephaath, 13:19 Kiriathaim, Sibmah, Zereth Shahar on the hill in the valley, 13:20 Beth Peor, the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth Jeshimoth. 13:21 It encompassed all the cities of the plain and the whole realm of King Sihon of the Amorites who ruled in Heshbon. Moses defeated him and the Midianite leaders Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba (they were subjects of Sihon and lived in his territory). 13:22 The Israelites killed Balaam son of Beor, the omen reader, along with the others. 13:23 The border of the tribe of Reuben was the Jordan. The land allotted to the tribe of Reuben by its clans included these cities and their towns.

 

Rueben received territory on the wrong side of the Jordan.

 

13:24 Moses assigned land to the tribe of Gad by its clans. 13:25 Their territory included Jazer, all the cities of Gilead, and half of Ammonite territory as far as Aroer near Rabbah. 13:26 Their territory ran from Heshbon to Ramath Mizpah and Betonim, and from Mahanaim to the territory of Debir. 13:27 It included the valley of Beth Haram, Beth Nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, and the rest of the realm of King Sihon of Heshbon, the area east of the Jordan to the end of the Sea of Kinnereth. 13:28 The land allotted to the tribe of Gad by its clans included these cities and their towns.

 

Gad received land on the wrong side of the Jordan.

 

13:29 Moses assigned land to the half-tribe of Manasseh by its clans. 13:30 Their territory started at Mahanaim and encompassed all Bashan, the whole realm of King Og of Bashan, including all sixty cities in Havvoth Jair in Bashan. 13:31 Half of Gilead, Ashtaroth, and Edrei, cities in the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were assigned to the descendants of Makir son of Manasseh, to half the descendants of Makir by their clans.

 

The half tribe of Mannasseh received land on the wrong side of the Jordan.

 

13:32 These are the land assignments made by Moses on the plains of Moab east of the Jordan River opposite Jericho. 

 

The two-and-a-half tribes did not make a wise choice. Just as Lot chose his land on the basis of appearance, so did the two and a half tribes make their choice on appearance. Like Lot, they would eventually lose their land. In the future, they would be invaded by the Moabites, Canaanites, Arameans, Midianites, Amalekites, and others. When the king of Assyria looked toward Canaan, the two and a half tribes were the first to be carried into the Assyrian Captivity.

 

13:33 However, Moses did not assign land as an inheritance to the Levites; their inheritance is the Lord God of Israel, as he instructed them.

 

The tribe of Levi was not allotted any land, but they were allotted the sacrifices, the offerings, the priesthood, and the Lord Himself.